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What you need to know

• The Security Council holds quarterly meetings on the Middle East, including the Palestinian question
• Following the Israel-Hamas October 2025 ceasefire, Council resolution 2803 (2025) welcomed the Board of Peace, established by US President Donald Trump, “as a transitional administration” for the enclave’s redevelopment “until such time as the Palestinian Authority has satisfactorily completed its reform programme” and authorised it to establish a temporary International Stabilization Force (ISF) in Gaza to deploy under unified command acceptable to the board
• A deadly, dangerous situation is developing on the ground in Occupied Palestinian Territory, including in the West Bank, where Israeli forces’ operations, demolitions, settlement expansion, settler violence and movement restrictions continued to drive displacement and block essential services, according to updates from the UN relief agency, OCHA
• Since the nominal ceasefire, 1,180 Palestinians have been killed in Gaza, including 59 people from 15 to 22 July, and in the West Bank, 18 Palestinians have been killed in settler attacks as of 20 July, including 12 by Israeli settlers, three by Israeli forces and three where it remains disputed, OCHA reported
• 1.2 million people, or 59 per cent of Gaza’s population, faced crisis level hunger from mid-April through July, with hunger expected to climb in the coming months, according to a report by the UN-backed global monitor, Integrated Food Insecurity Phase Classification (IPC)
• In the first half of 2026 in Gaza, nearly 4,000 miscarriages were recorded, severe maternal morbidity reached 82 cases per 1,000 deliveries and more than 57 per cent of pregnant women were anemic and a UN sexual and reproductive health agency, UNFPA, study aims to identify risk factors, service gaps and barriers to care

• With help from the UN Development Programme (UNDP), nearly 630,000 tonnes of debris in Gaza have been cleared from roads and essential service facilities, only a fraction of the remaining 60 million tonnes caused by Israeli strikes and demolitions since 2023