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Steel shopping cartsDuring 2025, the United States of America imported US$71.3 billion worth of iron and steel and related goods from its global trade partners. That total includes both iron and steel as materials plus products made from those metals.
The total value of US iron and steel imports fell by -17.9% from $86.8 billion 5 years earlier in 2021.
From 2024 to 2025, America’s purchases of iron and steel materials plus products diminished by -16.7% starting from $85.6 billion.
Drilling down from that overall dollar metric, American importers spent 62% ($44.2 billion) on imported products made from iron or steel. In comparison, 38% ($27.1 billion) was earmarked for importing iron or steel as metal materials.
Among sourcing countries, Canada supplied about one-eighth (12.8%) of America’s overall spending on iron and steel-related imports ahead of Mexico at 12%.
One notable change was that the People’s Republic of China which attracted just 0.6% of total US spending on imported iron and steel plus related products. This compares with China’s 14.3% share two years earlier in 2023.
The Harmonized Tariff System (HTS) code prefix is 72 for iron and steel as materials and 73 for products made from iron or steel.
America’s top 15 suppliers of iron and steel in 2025 collected $42.3 billion worth of sales to the United States during 2025, or 59.3% of America’s overall total spending on those commodities.
Another metric indicating the concentration of US iron and steel suppliers is that the top 5 providers below accounted for almost three-fifths (59.3%) of the overall value for America’s imports of iron and steel-related products.
- Canada: US$9.1 billion (12.8% of US iron and steel imports)
- Mexico: $8.5 billion (12%)
- Brazil: $4.4 billion (6.2%)
- India: $3.8 billion (5.3%)
- Germany: $3.6 billion (5%)
- Japan: $2.7 billion (3.8%)
- Italy: $1.7 billion (2.4%)
- South Korea: $1.5 billion (2.2%)
- Thailand: $1.21 billion (1.7%)
- Netherlands: $1.15 billion (1.6%)
- Taiwan: $1.07 billion (1.5%)
- United Kingdom: $961.9 million (1.3%)
- Türkiye: $929.7 million (1.3%)
- Austria: $801 million (1.1%)
- France: $796.5 million (1.1%)
Fastest growers from 2021 to 2025 among these top suppliers to the United States were India (up 34.9% from 2021), Germany (up 32.1%), Italy (up 25.9%), Austria (up 11.54%) then the Netherlands (up 11.52%).
The severest decliners over the 5-year time horizon were suppliers based in Canada (down -35.1%), Türkiye (down -26.9%), South Korea (down -25.7%), Mexico (down -24%) then Taiwan (down -15.8%).
US Imports of Iron and Steel Materials
Focusing in on iron and steel metals reported as materials under HTS code 72, America bought $27.1 billion worth of the metals iron and steel on global markets during 2025. That dollar amount reflects a -30.3% deceleration compared to $38.9 billion in 2021 and a -17.8% downtick from $33 billion during 2024.
Below are the top 15 suppliers of iron and steel materials to the US for 2025. Collectively, they generated over four-fifths (81.1%) of total US imports for these metals.
- Canada: US$5.44 billion (down -40.4% since 2021)
- Brazil: $4.15 billion (down -1.7%)
- Mexico: $2.4 billion (down -48.6%)
- South Korea: $1.55 billion (down -25.7%)
- Germany: $1.52 billion (up 37.9%)
- Japan: $1.17 billion (down -3.2%)
- Taiwan: $1.07 billion (down -15.8%)
- India: $847.6 million (up 18.7%)
- Netherlands: $697.1 million (down -14.2%)
- Ukraine: $636.9 million (down -37.8%)
- Trinidad and Tobago: $619 million (down -23.5%)
- Sweden: $509.5 million (down -3.1%)
- Vietnam: $485.8 million (down -50.6%)
- United Kingdom: $465.5 million (down -15.7%)
- mainland China: $426.3 million (down -28.8%)
The growth suppliers from the above list that expanded their sales to the US from 2021 to 2025 were Germany (up 37.9%) and India (up 18.7%).
The severest decliners in supplying iron and steel metals to America over the 5-year period were Vietnam (down -50.6%), Mexico (down -48.6%), Canada (down -40.4%), Ukraine (down -37.8%) and mainland China (down -28.8%).
US Imports of Products Made from Iron or Steel
As for actual products reported under HTS code 73, America imported $44.2 billion worth of products made from iron or steel in 2025. That dollar amount reflects a -7.8% decrease from $47.9 billion during 2021 and a -16% year-on-year decline compared to $52.7 billion for 2024.
Below are America’s top 15 suppliers of products made from iron and steel. Collectively, these 15 countries generated 86% of all iron or steel items that the US imported during 2025.
- mainland China: US$9.3 billion (down -39.7% since 2021)
- Mexico: $6.1 billion (down -6.5%)
- Canada: $3.7 billion (down -25.1%)
- Taiwan: $3.2 billion (down -14.3%)
- India: $2.9 billion (up 40.5%)
- South Korea: $2.56 billion (up 9.7%)
- Germany: $2.1 billion (up 28%)
- Vietnam: $1.75 billion (up 69.9%)
- Japan: $1.55 billion (down -0.8%)
- Italy: $1.3 billion (up 38.1%)
- Thailand: $1.1 billion (down -10.5%)
- Denmark: $784.5 million (up 856.5%)
- Türkiye: $601.6 million (up 41.5%)
- United Arab Emirates: $568.8 million (up 185%)
- France: $554.4 million (up 35.2%)
The following top suppliers grew their sales to US importers at the fastest pace since 2021: Denmark (up 856.5%), United Arab Emirates (up 185%), Vietnam (up 69.9%), Türkiye (up 41.5%), India (up 40.5%) then Italy (up 38.1%).
The strongest percentage declines were realized by providers in mainland China (down -39.7% from 2021), Canada (down -25.1%), Taiwan (down -14.3%) and Thailand (down -10.5%).
The table below shows the dollar amount for the top 100 iron and steel related suppliers for US importers in 2025. The dollar amount includes both materials and goods made from iron or steel.
Also shown is the percentage value change for each supplier since 2021.
| 1 | Canada | $9,100,023,000 | -35.1% |
| 2 | Mexico | $8,533,438,000 | -24% |
| 3 | Brazil | $4,409,822,000 | -0.7% |
| 4 | India | $3,774,528,000 | +34.9% |
| 5 | Germany | $3,574,551,000 | +32.1% |
| 6 | Japan | $2,718,110,000 | -1.9% |
| 7 | Italy | $1,716,259,000 | +25.9% |
| 8 | South Korea | $1,549,462,000 | -25.7% |
| 9 | Thailand | $1,208,763,000 | -10.6% |
| 10 | Netherlands | $1,150,019,000 | +11.5% |
| 11 | Taiwan | $1,070,688,000 | -15.8% |
| 12 | United Kingdom | $961,934,000 | -12.6% |
| 13 | Türkiye | $929,652,000 | -26.9% |
| 14 | Austria | $800,981,000 | +11.5% |
| 15 | France | $796,463,000 | +8.6% |
| 16 | Denmark | $786,402,000 | +797.6% |
| 17 | Spain | $774,980,000 | +15.1% |
| 18 | Ukraine | $766,091,000 | -34.1% |
| 19 | Malaysia | $764,761,000 | +18.3% |
| 20 | United Arab Emirates | $687,668,000 | +59.2% |
| 21 | Sweden | $663,406,000 | -4.4% |
| 22 | Trinidad/Tobago | $619,036,000 | -23.5% |
| 23 | Indonesia | $554,186,000 | +90.4% |
| 24 | Belgium | $525,286,000 | +95.4% |
| 25 | Vietnam | $485,842,000 | -50.6% |
| 26 | South Africa | $474,757,000 | -30.2% |
| 27 | Romania | $426,381,000 | +22.5% |
| 28 | mainland China | $426,269,000 | -28.8% |
| 29 | Poland | $358,411,000 | +59.5% |
| 30 | Australia | $248,650,000 | -53.9% |
| 31 | Norway | $222,870,000 | +0.6% |
| 32 | Finland | $211,999,000 | -15.6% |
| 33 | Egypt | $209,761,000 | 0% |
| 34 | Czech Republic | $204,752,000 | -5.6% |
| 35 | Switzerland | $196,646,000 | -6% |
| 36 | Luxembourg | $184,499,000 | +45.2% |
| 37 | Cambodia | $181,447,000 | +333.7% |
| 38 | Portugal | $174,195,000 | -1.2% |
| 39 | Colombia | $165,931,000 | +43.7% |
| 40 | Kazakhstan | $163,442,000 | -37.7% |
| 41 | Argentina | $157,449,000 | -42.5% |
| 42 | Greece | $145,597,000 | +378.1% |
| 43 | Namibia | $130,566,000 | +35% |
| 44 | Mauritius | $127,225,000 | +56% |
| 45 | Israel | $126,977,000 | -14.5% |
| 46 | Oman | $124,237,000 | -35.9% |
| 47 | Sudan | $122,195,000 | -35.3% |
| 48 | Venezuela | $121,484,000 | +412.6% |
| 49 | Papua New Guinea | $116,739,000 | +1945550% |
| 50 | Guyana | $115,971,000 | +156.1% |
| 51 | Belarus | $114,056,000 | -93.8% |
| 52 | Slovenia | $112,372,000 | +49.7% |
| 53 | Iceland | $106,338,000 | +75.6% |
| 54 | Chile | $102,251,000 | -58.3% |
| 55 | Togo | $99,348,000 | +18.3% |
| 56 | Botswana | $91,886,000 | +34.2% |
| 57 | Maldives | $88,810,000 | +0.9% |
| 58 | Malta | $87,810,000 | +128.3% |
| 59 | Lithuania | $85,763,000 | +91.7% |
| 60 | Mali | $81,605,000 | -25.4% |
| 61 | Niger | $80,010,000 | +72.3% |
| 62 | Brunei Darussalam | $79,062,000 | -39% |
| 63 | Burundi | $78,714,000 | +47.2% |
| 64 | Bhutan | $75,199,000 | +34.8% |
| 65 | Afghanistan | $75,148,000 | -77.8% |
| 66 | Montenegro | $72,412,000 | +1.9% |
| 67 | Philippines | $71,660,000 | +94.8% |
| 68 | Gambia | $70,444,000 | +1107% |
| 69 | Sierra Leone | $68,518,000 | +96.3% |
| 70 | Algeria | $68,189,000 | -71.3% |
| 71 | Saudi Arabia | $65,944,000 | -36.1% |
| 72 | Palestine | $64,709,000 | -78.1% |
| 73 | Turkmenistan | $62,649,000 | -29% |
| 74 | Georgia | $61,998,000 | -53.1% |
| 75 | Fiji | $61,342,000 | +0.2% |
| 76 | Bulgaria | $57,330,000 | +341.5% |
| 77 | Dominican Republic | $56,251,000 | -48.9% |
| 78 | Cuba | $49,708,000 | -79.1% |
| 79 | Mauritania | $49,572,000 | +34.5% |
| 80 | Congo | $48,264,000 | +170.9% |
| 81 | Samoa | $45,474,000 | +675.9% |
| 82 | Sri Lanka | $45,278,000 | +15.2% |
| 83 | Gabon | $40,995,000 | +19.7% |
| 84 | Slovakia | $39,497,000 | -12.8% |
| 85 | Belize | $37,841,000 | +57.6% |
| 86 | Malawi | $37,096,000 | -52.6% |
| 87 | Guinea-Bissau | $36,766,000 | +675% |
| 88 | Eswatini | $35,359,000 | +12.5% |
| 89 | Pakistan | $33,671,000 | -34.2% |
| 90 | New Caledonia | $32,969,000 | +22.2% |
| 91 | US Minor Outlying Islands | $32,703,000 | +116.3% |
| 92 | French Polynesia | $32,278,000 | +71.3% |
| 93 | Liberia | $31,117,000 | -30.6% |
| 94 | Angola | $31,116,000 | +758.6% |
| 95 | Chad | $30,921,000 | +10.5% |
| 96 | Iceland | $29,357,000 | +92.6% |
| 97 | New Caledonia | $29,050,000 | -31% |
| 98 | Seychelles | $28,869,000 | +38.4% |
| 99 | Suriname | $28,516,000 | +20% |
| 100 | Barbados | $27,868,000 | +138% |
You can change presentation order by clicking the triangle icon at the top of the columns. An entry of 0% means that 2021 data was unavailable.
See also United States Top 10 Imports, US Uranium Imports by Supplying Country, US Aluminum Imports by Supplying Country and US Imported Cars by Supplier Countries
Research Sources:
Central Intelligence Agency, World Factbook Field Listing: Exports – Commodities. Accessed on March 13, 2026
Investopedia, Net Exports Definition. Accessed on March 13, 2026
Mohawk Global Logistics, HTS Codes Affected by New Steel and Aluminum Tariffs by Danielle Leonard. Accessed on March 13, 2026
Trade Map, International Trade Centre. Accessed on March 13, 2026
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